Python Ord Function

This tutorial explains the Python ord() function’s meaning and usage. It converts a character into its Unicode code point. Check out the next section to learn more details about this function.

What is Python Ord Function and Ord Meaning

This function has been part of Python since its early versions. Similar functions are available in other languages such as getchar() and putchar()in C. It supports a variety of use cases that you’ll find in the example section.

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Python Ord Function Meaning

The meaning of ord in the Python ord() function is a number which is the ordinal position of a character within the Unicode character set.

The ord() function takes a single character which could be of any type that Python supports. Once called, it provides the Unicode code point of the given character. The Unicode code point is a number that represents the character in the Unicode character encoding system. Unicode is a standard that assigns a unique code point to every character in the world, regardless of the language or platform you’ll use it.

Ord() Function Syntax

The ord() function requires the following syntax:

ord(character) -> int

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Using Ord() in Python

To use the ord() function, simply pass the character or string you want to get the code point of as an argument. For example, to get the code point of the letter A, you would write:

Python code:

>>> ord('A')
65

This will return the integer 65, which is the Unicode code point for the letter A.

You can also use the Python ord() function to get the code points of multiple characters at once. To do this, simply pass a string containing the characters you want to get the code points of to the ord() function. For example, to get the code points of the "Hello, world!" string, you would write:

Python code:

>>> ord('Hello, world!')
72101108101111211132

This will return the 72101108101111211132 integer, which is the Unicode code point for each character in the string.

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Ord() Function Examples

The ord() function in Python is useful for a variety of advanced tasks, such as:

• Checking if a character is a letter, number, or other type of character.
• Converting characters to and from their Unicode code points.
• Encrypting and decrypting data.
• Working with text in different languages.
• Creating custom algorithms for processing text.

Here are some examples of advanced use cases for the ord() function:

Example#1 Checking if a character is a letter, number, or other type of character.

Python code:

def is_letter(char):
  return ord(char) >= 65 and ord(char) <= 90 or ord(char) >= 97 and ord(char) <= 122

def is_number(char):
  return ord(char) >= 48 and ord(char) <= 57

def is_punctuation(char):
  return ord(char) in [33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 123, 124, 125, 126]

Example#2 Converting characters to and from their Unicode code points.

Python code:

def char_to_code_point(char):
  return ord(char)

def code_point_to_char(code_point):
  return chr(code_point)

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Example#3 Using the Ord() function for encrypting and decrypting data in Python.

Python code:

def encrypt(string, key):
  encrypted_string = ''
  for char in string:
    encrypted_string += chr(ord(char) + ord(key))
  return encrypted_string

def decrypt(encrypted_string, key):
  decrypted_string = ''
  for char in encrypted_string:
    decrypted_string += chr(ord(char) - ord(key))
  return decrypted_string

Example#4 Working with text in different languages.

Python code:

# Get the Unicode code point of the letter `你好` in Chinese.
>>> ord('你好')
25953

Example#5 Using the Ord() function to write custom algorithms in Python for processing text.

Python code:

# Create a custom algorithm to remove all punctuation from a string.
def remove_punctuation(string):
  new_string = ''
  for char in string:
    if not is_punctuation(char):
      new_string += char
  return new_string

# Example usage:
>>> remove_punctuation('Hello, world!')
'Helloworld'

These are just a few examples of the many advanced ways that the ord() function can be used.

Sure. Here are some additional advanced topics and examples of how to use the ord() function in Python.

Unicode Code Points and Code Pages

Unicode code points are unique numbers that represent characters in the Unicode character encoding system. Code pages are tables that map Unicode code points to characters.

The ord() function returns the Unicode code point of a given character, but it does not tell you what code page the character is encoded in. To determine the code page of a character, you can use the encoding attribute of the str object.

For example, to get the code page of the string "Hello, world!", you would write:

Python code:

>>> 'Hello, world!'.encoding
'utf-8'

This tells us that the string is encoded in the UTF-8 code page.

Working with bytes

A byte is a unit of data consisting of eight bits. Bytes are a binary representation of characters.

The Python ord() function can also be used to get the Unicode code point of a byte. To do this, you must first convert the byte to a character using the chr() function.

For example, to get the Unicode code point of the byte b'A', you would write:

Python code:

>>> ord(chr(b'A'))
65

This will return the integer 65, which is the Unicode code point for the letter A.

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Working with regular expressions

Regular expressions are a powerful tool for searching and manipulating text. The ord() function can be used to create Python regular expressions that match characters based on their Unicode code points.

For example, to create a regular expression that matches all letters, you would write:

Python code:

>>> re.compile('[a-zA-Z]')

This regular expression will match any character with a Unicode code point between 65 and 90 (inclusive) or between 97 and 122 (inclusive).

Conclusion

The Python ord() function is a powerful tool. Hopefully, you understood its meaning clearly. In summary, you can use it for multiple tasks like checking the type of a character, converting it to its Unicode code point, encrypting and decrypting data, and creating custom algorithms for processing text.

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TechBeamers.